Tìm hiểu về phương pháp đầu tư cổ phiếu theo CANSLIM

CANSLIM là gì?

CANSLIM là phương pháp lựa chọn cổ phiếu tăng trưởng bằng cách kết hợp giữa phân tích cơ bản và phân tích kỹ thuật. Phương pháp này được sáng tạo bởi William J. O’Neil, một nhà đầu tư và nhà môi giới chứng khoán nổi tiếng vào những năm 1950.

Các thành tố của phương pháp CANSLIM

CANSLIM chính là từ viết tắt từ bảy chữ cái đầu của các yếu tố được áp dụng để lựa chọn cổ phiếu đầu tư bao gồm:

canslim

C – Current quarterly earnings per share: tăng trưởng EPS (thu nhập trên mỗi cổ phần) của quý hiện tại so với cùng kỳ năm trước.

  • Theo phương pháp CANSLIM, cổ phiếu tốt thì phải có tăng trưởng EPS của quý gần nhất so với cùng kỳ năm trước đạt từ 20% trở lên.
  • Ngoài ra, thu nhập cần phải đến từ hoạt động kinh doanh cốt lõi và loại bỏ các yếu tố đột biến, thu nhập khác như thanh lý tài sản, chênh lệch tỷ giá, bán tài sản tài chính…

A – Annual earnings: tăng trưởng thu nhập hàng năm

  • Tăng trưởng thu nhập hàng năm sẽ cho thấy tiềm năng phát triển trong dài hạn của doanh nghiệp. Vì vậy phương pháp CANSLIM yêu cầu cổ phiếu có EPS hàng năm tăng trưởng trên 20% trong 3 đến 5 năm gần nhất.
  • ROE (tỷ suất sinh lời vốn chủ sở hữu) từ 17% trở lên.

N – New Product, Service, Management, Price breakout: đổi mới về sản phẩm, dịch vụ, quản lý

  • Những tin tức tốt về sản phẩm mới, tình hình quản lý của doanh nghiệp thường có tác động tích cực, giúp cổ phiếu tăng giá, đặc biệt là trong ngắn hạn.
  • Ngoài ra cổ phiếu cũng cần có sự tăng trưởng về giá và bứt phá qua được đỉnh giá trong 52 tuần (1 năm) trước đó.

S – Supply and demand: Cung, cầu về cổ phiếu

  • Chú ý đến các cổ phiếu khan hiếm về nguồn cung nhưng có tỷ lệ free-float thấp, đang được ban lãnh đạo thu gom hoặc công ty mua cổ phiếu quỹ

L – Leader or Laggard: Cổ phiếu dẫn đầu hay theo sau

  • Trong cùng một ngành thì nên lựa chọn các cổ phiếu đầu ngành, dẫn dắt thay vì các cổ phiếu theo sau

I – Institutional sponsorship: sự ủng hộ từ các nhà đầu tư tổ chức

+ Nhà đầu tư tổ chức ở đây thường là các quỹ đầu tư, ngân hàng, công ty bảo hiểm… Các tổ chức lớn này thường có tiềm lực về tài chính, lợi thế về thông tin và khả năng phân tích nên họ thường phát hiện được sớm các cổ phiếu tiềm năng

M – Market Direction: Xu hướng của thị trường chung.

+ Thông thường có đến 75% số cổ phiếu sẽ biến động tăng, giảm theo xu thế của thị trường chứng khoản nói chung. Do vậy, xu hướng thị trường chung là một trong những yếu tố quan trọng để lựa chọn thời điểm đầu tư.

+ Theo phương pháp CANSLIM thì điểm mua cổ phiếu tốt nhất sẽ là trong thời điểm thị trường tích lũy để đi lên. Còn trong thời kỳ thị trường suy giảm thì nên ưu tiên quản trị rủi ro, gia tăng tỷ trọng tiền mặt để chờ thời cơ trong giai đoạn sau.

Tóm lại, CANSLIM là một phương pháp đầu tư chứng khoán mang tính khoa học, khách quan, kết hợp được nhiều yếu tố cả về mặt cơ bản lẫn kỹ thuật của cổ phiếu. Tuy nhiên, trên thực tế, để tìm được cổ phiếu thỏa mãn cả 7 tiêu chỉ của phương pháp này là khá khó. Vì thì, nhà đầu tư cần áp dụng phương pháp này một cách linh hoạt, phù hợp với điều kiện của thị trường thì mới có thể phát huy được hiệu quả.

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